Pediatrics Board Exam Started: Jul 13, 2026 02:34 Page 10 of 69 Attempt #1703 Overall: 0 / 344 questions answered Question 46 / 344 Not answered Question 133: At a primary-care follow-up visit: A 5-year-old has polyuria, weight loss, vomiting, glucose 26 mmol/L, ketones, and acidosis. What is the diagnosis? A. Nephrotic syndrome B. Asthma C. Diabetic ketoacidosis D. Celiac disease E. Appendicitis only Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: C Explanation: [Pediatrics] Hyperglycemia, ketosis, and acidosis in a child diagnose DKA. Reference: ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines. Reference: Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Question 47 / 344 Not answered Question 134: At a primary-care follow-up visit: A 3-year-old has perianal itching at night. What is the usual treatment? A. IV ceftriaxone for all B. Topical steroid alone C. No household advice D. Mebendazole for child and household hygiene measures E. Insulin Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: D Explanation: [Pediatrics] Enterobiasis causes nocturnal perianal itch; mebendazole/albendazole plus hygiene and household management reduces reinfection. Reference: CDC Pinworm Clinical Overview. Reference: Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Question 48 / 344 Not answered Question 135: At a primary-care follow-up visit: A 7-year-old has nephrotic-range proteinuria, edema, hypoalbuminemia, and normal complement. What is the most common cause? A. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis B. IgA nephropathy always C. Renal stone D. Wilms tumor E. Minimal change disease Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: E Explanation: [Pediatrics] Minimal change disease is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children. Reference: KDIGO Glomerular Diseases Guideline. Reference: Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Question 49 / 344 Not answered Question 136: At a primary-care follow-up visit: A 15-month-old is behind immunizations. What is the principle of catch-up vaccination? A. Do not restart series; continue using minimum intervals and age-appropriate vaccines B. Restart all vaccines from birth C. Give no vaccines after 12 months D. Avoid all inactivated vaccines E. Use antibiotics instead Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: A Explanation: [Pediatrics] Interrupted vaccine series should not be restarted; catch-up schedules use age-appropriate minimum intervals. Reference: CDC/WHO Catch-up Immunization Guidance. Reference: Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Question 50 / 344 Not answered Question 137: At a primary-care follow-up visit: A 4-year-old has wheeze, chest indrawing, and oxygen saturation 89%. What is the priority? A. Oral antihistamine only B. Oxygen and inhaled short-acting bronchodilator, with urgent assessment C. Discharge immediately D. Long-acting beta agonist alone E. No treatment until spirometry Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: B Explanation: [Pediatrics] Hypoxic acute wheeze/asthma exacerbation needs oxygen, inhaled SABA, systemic steroid when indicated, and urgent reassessment. Reference: GINA Strategy Report; BTS/SIGN Asthma Guideline. Reference: Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Cancel « ← Previous Page 10 of 69 Next → »