Urology Board Exam Started: Jul 13, 2026 14:18 Page 32 of 53 Attempt #2815 Overall: 0 / 263 questions answered Question 156 / 263 Not answered At a multidisciplinary case conference: a 79-year-old woman presents with sepsis with hydronephrosis. Relevant risk context includes BPH history. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Acute bacterial prostatitis B. Benign prostatic hyperplasia C. Bladder malignancy suspicion D. Ureteric colic E. Testicular torsion Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: B Explanation: The pattern of sepsis with hydronephrosis with risk factors such as BPH history is most consistent with Benign prostatic hyperplasia. This answer best matches the expected diagnostic framework for Urology. Reference: NICE LUTS Guidance; Urology topic-specific current guideline update Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Question 157 / 263 Not answered In an emergency department assessment: a 58-year-old woman is evaluated for painless gross hematuria in the context of older age. Which is the most appropriate next investigation? A. Non-contrast CT KUB B. Renal function and sepsis markers C. Cystoscopy pathway D. Urinalysis and culture E. Scrotal Doppler ultrasound Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: A Explanation: Non-contrast CT KUB is the most appropriate next test because it directly clarifies the leading diagnosis and guides immediate management in Urology. Reference: EAU Guidelines; Urology topic-specific current guideline update Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Question 158 / 263 Not answered At a preventive-care consultation: a 65-year-old man is evaluated for fever with pelvic discomfort in the context of dehydration. Which is the most appropriate next investigation? A. Urinalysis and culture B. Scrotal Doppler ultrasound C. Non-contrast CT KUB D. Renal function and sepsis markers E. Post-void residual assessment Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: E Explanation: Post-void residual assessment is the most appropriate next test because it directly clarifies the leading diagnosis and guides immediate management in Urology. Reference: NICE LUTS Guidance; Urology topic-specific current guideline update Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Question 159 / 263 Not answered At a preventive-care consultation: a 47-year-old woman presents with sudden unilateral scrotal pain. Relevant risk context includes smoking. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Ureteric colic B. Obstructive infected system C. Acute bacterial prostatitis D. Testicular torsion E. Benign prostatic hyperplasia Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: C Explanation: The pattern of sudden unilateral scrotal pain with risk factors such as smoking is most consistent with Acute bacterial prostatitis. This answer best matches the expected diagnostic framework for Urology. Reference: AUA Clinical Guidelines; Urology topic-specific current guideline update Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Question 160 / 263 Not answered At a preventive-care consultation: a 52-year-old woman is evaluated for colicky flank pain radiating to groin in the context of recent urinary instrumentation. Which is the most appropriate next investigation? A. Cystoscopy pathway B. Urinalysis and culture C. Scrotal Doppler ultrasound D. Post-void residual assessment E. Non-contrast CT KUB Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: B Explanation: Urinalysis and culture is the most appropriate next test because it directly clarifies the leading diagnosis and guides immediate management in Urology. Reference: AUA Clinical Guidelines; Urology topic-specific current guideline update Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Cancel « ← Previous Page 32 of 53 Next → »