Nephrology Board Exam Started: Jul 13, 2026 22:55 Page 29 of 55 Attempt #2977 Overall: 0 / 274 questions answered Question 141 / 274 Not answered During morning rounds: a 41-year-old woman has generalized edema with heavy proteinuria with risk profile of volume depletion. After initial stabilization and assessment, what is the most appropriate management step? A. Nephrotoxin avoidance strategy B. Renin-angiotensin system blockade when indicated C. Timely renal replacement therapy for urgent indications D. Urgent hyperkalemia stabilization protocol E. Volume status-guided AKI management Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: E Explanation: Volume status-guided AKI management is preferred because it aligns with guideline-based care priorities, reduces avoidable complications, and supports safe outcomes in Nephrology. Reference: NICE CKD Guidance; Nephrology topic-specific current guideline update Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Question 142 / 274 Not answered During ward handover: a 27-year-old man is evaluated for generalized edema with heavy proteinuria in the context of prostatic enlargement. Which is the most appropriate next investigation? A. Urinalysis with microscopy B. Kidney biopsy when indicated C. Serum potassium with ECG D. Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio E. Autoimmune nephritic screen Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: D Explanation: Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio is the most appropriate next test because it directly clarifies the leading diagnosis and guides immediate management in Nephrology. Reference: KDIGO CKD Guideline; Nephrology topic-specific current guideline update Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Question 143 / 274 Not answered During a primary-care follow-up visit: a 37-year-old man is evaluated for oliguria with rising creatinine in the context of long-standing hypertension. Which is the most appropriate next investigation? A. Kidney biopsy when indicated B. Serum potassium with ECG C. Renal ultrasound D. Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio E. Urinalysis with microscopy Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: D Explanation: Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio is the most appropriate next test because it directly clarifies the leading diagnosis and guides immediate management in Nephrology. Reference: KDIGO CKD Guideline; Nephrology topic-specific current guideline update Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Question 144 / 274 Not answered In an outpatient specialty clinic: a 75-year-old man is evaluated for oliguria with rising creatinine in the context of long-standing hypertension. Which is the most appropriate next investigation? A. Kidney biopsy when indicated B. Urinalysis with microscopy C. Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio D. Autoimmune nephritic screen E. Renal ultrasound Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: C Explanation: Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio is the most appropriate next test because it directly clarifies the leading diagnosis and guides immediate management in Nephrology. Reference: NICE CKD Guidance; Nephrology topic-specific current guideline update Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Question 145 / 274 Not answered At a multidisciplinary case conference: a 75-year-old woman is evaluated for muscle weakness with peaked T waves in the context of autoimmune disease. Which is the most appropriate next investigation? A. Autoimmune nephritic screen B. Renal ultrasound C. Kidney biopsy when indicated D. Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio E. Urinalysis with microscopy Show Answer & Explanation Correct Answer: C Explanation: Kidney biopsy when indicated is the most appropriate next test because it directly clarifies the leading diagnosis and guides immediate management in Nephrology. Reference: ASN/ERA Position Statements Comments & Discussion No comments yet. Be the first to comment! Your Name * Your Comment * (Max 200 chars) 200 characters remaining Post Comment Comments remaining this hour: 10/10 Cancel « ← Previous Page 29 of 55 Next → »